![]() ![]() The just world hypothesis stipulates we all get what we deserve. We commit self-serving bias when we make internal attribution for our successes (I am an excellent tennis player) and fail to take situational factors into account (the sun was shining in my opponent's eyes during the match). They may not accept that they earned a poor grade because they failed to study or ask for tutoring help. ![]() For example, this individual might blame their poor exam score on the noisy exam room or claim their teacher failed to explain the concepts properly. These individuals assume others behave the way they do according to internal traits (fundamental attribution error), but their own behavior is due to situational factors. However, the driver may be swerving to avoid hitting an animal on the road, or they may be experiencing a health emergency.Īctor-observer bias expands on fundamental attribution error. People from Western cultures may conclude the driver is reckless or inexperienced without considering the external situation. The fundamental attribution error highlights this phenomenon and claims people assume internal factors/traits are to blame for human behavior rather than consider the context of a situation.įor example, let's say you are driving, and the car in front of you suddenly swerves out of control. People from Western cultures usually associate internal dispositions with behavior. Research shows that people from individualistic cultures (which focus on individual achievement and autonomy) tend to commit fundamental attribution errors more frequently. ![]() The fundamental attribution error believes human behavior is solely based on internal traits (not taking the situation into account). This may cause us to conclude behavior is a function of an internal trait without considering the social context. Western cultures, such as the United States, favor a dispositionism view and assume we are aware of our own choices and behaviors. In contrast, dispositionism believes internal factors determine our behavior. Situationism is the belief that our immediate environment and surroundings determine our behavior. Human behaviors result from internal factors (personality traits) and external factors (situations, social context). Social psychology is concerned with understanding people's behavior, with explanations for why we think or behave the way we do.
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